In-Process Inspection

What this topic covers

Detect variation while manufacturing is still underway.

Core testing ideas

In-process checks can identify drift before large quantities are affected.

Measurements should be taken at process stages where action is still practical.

Automatic inspection can increase data volume but not necessarily decision quality.

Measurement and method limits

SPC and capability metrics describe process behaviour, while engineering specifications describe product requirements.

Evidence and traceability

Nonconformance, corrective action, audits and supplier controls close the loop when results do not meet expectations.

Using the result

Quality metrics should be defined consistently so improvement is real rather than a reporting artifact.